![]() In the recent past, to manage OA in canine patients, most veterinarians have commonly used cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibiting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as deracoxib, etodolac, carprofen, firocoxib, ketoprofen, meloxicam, rofecoxib, tepoxalin and others. To achieve these goals, a variety of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, disease modifying agents and physical therapy with acupuncture have been used. Thereby increasing the joint flexibility and quality of life. The objectives in managing OA include minimizing joint pain by reducing the inflammation and slowing the progression of the cartilage damage evaluand Ĭanines with OA are treated with multipronged approaches, involving invasive as well as non-invasive measures. Finally, MRI findings reveal the changes of joint and cartilage degeneration consistent with OA. The diagnosis of OA in canine patients is based upon history, physical exam and radiographic evidence. Ĭommon signs and symptoms associated with OA in dogs include limping, immobility, stiffness of joints, crepitus, periarticular swelling, palpable effusion, pain upon manipulation of the joint and lameness. To date, there are no serum, urinary or synovial biomarkers that are specific and validated for OA. These cascading events lead to increased friction and inflammation in the joints. ![]() The increased cartilage lesions in OA have also been correlated with the enhanced levels of MMP-1. Breakdown and deterioration of the cartilage have been correlated with increased activities of certain enzymes including the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). In the early stages of OA, a progressive depletion of the cartilage proteoglycan leads to a net loss of matrix from the cartilage. OA is an inflammatory joint disease characterized by chronic and progressive cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, subchondral sclerosis, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane, which eventually results in decreased stability, movement, loading, stiffness of joints, lameness and pain. In general, large breed dogs (German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, Siberian Huskies, Rottweilers and others) are more prone to develop osteoarthritis (> 45%) than are the smaller breeds. Dogs commonly develop osteoarthritis (OA) due to a number of factors, such as aging, injury or trauma, genetic predisposition, over exercise or lack of exercise, poor nutrition, obesity and environmental factors. Currently, according to the Arthritis Foundation, approximately 20% of the dog population (78.2 million) in the United States suffers from arthritis. Keywords: Amla extract Canine osteoarthritis Crominex ® 3+ Shilajit Trivalent Chromium Phyllanthus emblica extractĪrthritis, a chronic and progressive debilitating disease, affects quality of life of humans and animals alike. In conclusion, Crominex ® 3+ significantly (P< 0.05) ameliorated arthritic pain and improved quality of life without causing any untoward effects in moderately arthritic dogs. No significant change occurred in physical parameters or serum biomarkers in dogs on placebo or Crominex ® 3+, which suggested that Crominex ® 3+ was well tolerated by arthritic dogs. Pain level remained the same or slightly increased in the dogs receiving placebo. Findings of this investigation revealed that dogs receiving Crominex ® 3+ (1000 μg chromium, 15 mg Amla extract and 15 mg purified Shilajit per day in two divided doses) exhibited a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in arthritic pain noted as early as after 90 days with a maximum reduction after 150 days of treatment. At the same time intervals, dogs serum samples were examined for biomarkers of kidney (BUN and creatinine), liver (bilirubin, ALT and AST) and heart and skeletal muscle (CK) functions. On a monthly basis, each dog was evaluated for arthritis associated pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation and pain after physical exertion) and a full physical exam (body weight, body temperature and heart rate). Eleven client-owned moderately arthritic dogs in a randomized double-blinded study received placebo or Crominex ® 3+ twice daily for a period of 150 days. ![]() The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Crominex ® 3+ (a complex of trivalent chromium, Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) extract and purified Shilajit) in moderately arthritic dogs. ![]()
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